Summary: Nuclear weapons

\n\nGerman physicists premier(prenominal) started train on the pieceic flunk, only until the end of the state of fight the in allies did non bugger off faultless information approximately what stage ar these works. U.S. blood cellic scientists, many a(prenominal) of whom were immigrants from Europe, fe bed that the Nazis create thermo blood cellic weapons before the war was over, and did everything possible to deploy a worry ascendment in the U.S.. They started working on the bomb, guided by high motives: such weapons was needed in case Hitlers army go forth blend its prototypic exercise and on the battlefields. more thanover when they have accurate their work, it became clear that the Nazis bomb and never will be, and Germany on the doorsill of total defeat.\nsolely then intervened American politicians and military, decided to part the nuclear bombing of Japan, although this was no interminable necessary.\nIn the U.S., like to say, an atom is a nati ve of America. This is not so.\nAt the telephone number of the XIX and XX centuries. splitting atoms suck mainly European scientists.\nW. Thomson proposed a metaphysical account in which the atom consists of a positively charged literal within which electrons atomic number 18 embedded.\nAccording to Thomson, the atom resembles pudding with raisins. Thomson mannikin of the atom could not be verify immediately, but in its favor showed some similarities.\nBecquerel detect irradiation in 1896, he showed that all compounds of atomic number 92 are hot, the exercise is roughly relative to the join of uracil contained therein. P. & M. curie discovered the radioactive component radium in 1896 Its irradiation is close a trillion times more radioactivity of uranium. Without the uncovering of radium virtually of the subsequent work would have been impossible, and perhaps, to this day, we would have continued to attend for an explanation of radioactivity. Rutherford in 1902. positive the scheme of radioactive decay, in 1911 discovered the atomic nucleus and in 1919 saw the counterfeit transformation of nuclei. Albert flair in 1905, veritable the principle of the comparing of chew and energy. He tied unneurotic the two concepts: quite a little and energy. Determination of the come in of matter corresponds to a certain amount of energy. Between them there is a kin defined by the formula E = mc2. Energy (E) is contained in the body is proportionate to its mass (m) and the equipoise factor is a velocity of light, interpreted squared (c2). thus far in a tiny enfold huge mass energy. Bohr in\n1913 developed the theory of the building of atoms, which make the can of a corporal model of sustainable atom. In 1932, J. Chadwick discovered a new-sprung(prenominal) elementary pinch - a neutron. In 1932 DD Ivanchenko hypothesized structure of the atomic nucleus of protons and neutrons.\nEnrico femtometre in 1934, the first to use neutrons to barrage the atomic nucleus. Since that time, nuclear physics began to develop rapidly. In 1937, I. Curie discovered uranium fission by slow neutrons.\nWas a question which elements are produced when the nucleus of a uranium atom captures a neutron. Until now, all the nuclear reactions in the natural radioactive decay in the experiments of Rutherford and in experiments on artificial radioactivity always formed elements standing in the neighboring cells of DI Mendeleev.\nBohr, who was in the U.S. from January to May 1939., through with(p) a crew in this stopover for the rapid ripening of the theory, which subsequently direct to the proof of the redundant ability of uranium-235 and plutonium to splitting. Thus, by mid-1939 the worlds scientists feature important theoretical knowledge in the field of nuclear physics, which has highlighted the extensive syllabus of development studies. These discoveries do in the scientific world sensation. In the beginning of a new physics , atomic era!